作為注塑行業(yè)的從業(yè)人員，特別是負(fù)責(zé)海外市場的朋友，日常工作中避免不了要接觸外國的客戶。如何跟外國客戶更便捷地溝通？以下這些術(shù)語或許能幫助您，平常經(jīng)常提到的術(shù)語、行業(yè)基本都在這了，如果您真的是負(fù)責(zé)海外市場的，小編真的建議您把它讀熟背熟，真的把這個(gè)熟練掌握后再對話外國客戶也是輕松又easy！
基本術(shù)語
Basic Concepts and Terms
(1).注塑參數(shù)Injection parameter.
a.注射量Injection rate.
b.計(jì)量行程Screw back position
c.余料量Cushion
d.防誕量Sucking back rate
e.螺桿轉(zhuǎn)速Screw speed
f.塑化量lastic0 rate
g.預(yù)塑背壓Screw back pressure
h.注射壓力和保壓壓力Injection pressure and holding pressure
i.注射速度Injection speed
(2)合模參數(shù)Clamping parameter
a.合模力Clamping force
b.合模速度Clamping speed
c.合模行程.Clamping stroke
d.開模力Opening force
e.開模速度Opening speed
f.開模行程Opening position
g.頂出壓力Ejector advance pressure
h.頂出速度Ejector advance speed
i.頂出行程Ejector advance position
(3)溫控參數(shù)Temperature parameter
a.烘料溫度Dry resin material temperature
b.料向與噴嘴溫度Cylinder temperature and nozzle temperature
c.模具溫度Mold temperature
d.油溫Oil temperature
(4)成型周期Molding cycle
a.循環(huán)周期Cycle time
b.冷卻時(shí)間Cool time
c.注射時(shí)間Injection time
d.保壓時(shí)間Holding pressure time
e.塑化時(shí)間lant time
f.頂出及停留時(shí)間Knocking out and delay time
g.低壓保護(hù)時(shí)間Mold protect time
基本理念
Basic opinion
什么是最佳的流動狀態(tài)
What is the best flow state:
流體流動狀態(tài)應(yīng)該是噴泉狀的，最佳的流動狀態(tài)是流體前端的流動速度在型腔內(nèi)處處相等。由于流動方向上截面積的不同，在其變化的位置應(yīng)進(jìn)行注射速度的調(diào)節(jié)
The flow state should be like fountain, and the best is that the speed of the front melt is the same everywhere in the cavities. For different areas in the direction that is vertical with the flow way, we must adjust the injection speed.
（注意：機(jī)床上所能設(shè)定的注射速度是指螺桿的前進(jìn)速度）
(Attention: The injection speed, which we can set on the machine, is the screw forward speed)
什么是最佳的壓力,溫度分布狀態(tài)
What is the best pressure and temperature state:
最佳的壓力和溫度分布狀態(tài)是壓力和溫度分布在型腔內(nèi)部處處相等，并且隨著熔體地逐步冷卻而下降并使最終產(chǎn)品的內(nèi)應(yīng)力為零。
The best pressure and temperature state should be like this that the pressure and temperature everywhere in cavities are the same, and make the force of the part inside be zero finally as the melt solidified.
實(shí)際壓力分布狀況是澆口附近最大并隨著距離的增加而降低。
（記?。郝輻U頭處的熔體和流動著的熔體前端存在壓力差是使熔體發(fā)生流動的根本原因）
The actual pressure around the gate is the highest and as the distance goes it’s getting lower and lower。
(Remember: It’s the pressure in front of the flowing melt is lower than in cylinder that makes the melt flow.)
所以,綜合來講,參數(shù)設(shè)定的一般準(zhǔn)則
(1)盡量選用高的注射速度(螺桿前進(jìn)速度)
(2)盡量選用高的料筒溫度
(3)盡量選用高的模具溫度
So the general principles when setting parameters are:
(1)As fast injection speed as possible (Screw forward speed)
(2)As high cylinder temperature as possible
(3)As high mold temperature as possible
基本概念
Basic conception
收縮 Shrinkage
收縮的原因
（The reasons of shrinkage）
a.熱脹冷縮；
b.熔體結(jié)晶；(結(jié)晶度越高，熔體收縮越嚴(yán)重)
c.分子取向；（一般來說，分子總是沿著流動方向取向的。對于未增強(qiáng)型材料，其熔體在流動方向上的收縮總是大于垂直方向；對于增強(qiáng)型材料，正好相反）
d.狀態(tài)變化
a. Chang from hot to cold;
b. Crystallization ;( The more crystallization, the more shrinkage)
c. Molecule orientation;
(For non-strengthen material, the shrinkage in the flowing direction is more than that, which is vertical with the flowing direction; and for the strengthen material, the result is just reverse,)
d. Form changing
收縮的階段
The stages of shrinkage
收縮從注射開始就隨著熔體的逐步冷卻而開始
The shrinkage starts from injection to forever.
它包括三個(gè)階段：
a.從注射開始到保壓結(jié)束；
b.從冷卻時(shí)間開始到脫模前；
c.脫模后
It contains three stages:
a. From injection stage to end of holding stage;
b. From cooling stage to demold stage;
c. After demold
變形 Deformation
變形的根本原因時(shí)收縮的不均勻。造成收縮不均勻的原因有：
The root cause of deformation is inhomogeneous shrinkage. The causes of
inhomogeneous shrinkage are as follows:
a.冷卻(即溫度分布)不均勻
Inhomogeneous cooling
b.壁厚不均勻
Different wall thickness
c.壓力分布不均勻
Not average location of pressure location
d.分子取向
Molecule orientation
e.脫模受力不均
Inhomogeneous forces when demolding
結(jié)晶 Crystallization
什么是結(jié)晶？
What is crystallization
簡單的說，結(jié)晶就是指分子的有序排列。
In a short word, it means to make the molecule in order.
結(jié)晶的影響因素。
Factors affecting crystallization
結(jié)晶的影響因素：冷卻速度。冷卻速度越快，結(jié)晶程度越低。
The cooling speed affects the crystallization. The faster cooling speed the more crystallization
結(jié)晶對產(chǎn)品性能的影響
How does crystallization affect the parts
結(jié)晶度越高：
密度越高
收縮越大
光潔度越好
強(qiáng)度越高
韌性變差
The more crystallization:
The higher density
The more shrinkage
The better surface
The stronger of the parts
粘度 viscosity
什么是粘度
What is viscosity
粘度是流體本身的一種性能，它的大小是流體流動性能的一種衡量。數(shù)值越大，流體的流動性能越差。
Viscosity is a character of the flowing material. Its value is used to measure the flowing character. The bigger value it is, the worse flowing character it is.
粘度的影響因素
What affect the viscosity
a.溫度
Temperature
b.剪切速度
Shear rate
c.壓力
Pressure
千萬注意：往往粘度是三者共同作用的結(jié)果。不同的材料對溫度，剪切速度和壓力的敏感程度是不同的，并且在不同的注射速度下哪一個(gè)起主導(dǎo)作用也是不同的
Attention: The three factors affect the viscosity together all the time. Different material are differently sensitive to temperature, shear rate and pressure, and which factor will be the main factor in different phase is also different.
通常：（A）對溫度敏感：PA；PC
Sensitive to temperature: PA, PC
對剪切速度敏感：POM；PP；PE
Sensitive to shear rate: POM, PP, PE
對壓力敏感：PP；PE
Sensitive to pressure: PP, PE
( B ) 在高速注射的情況下，剪切速度起主導(dǎo)作用(所以,對于薄壁產(chǎn)品或含薄壁部分的產(chǎn)品宜采用高速注射)。
In high injection speed situation, the shear rate is the main factor. (So use high injection speed for thin wall thickness parts)
止回閥 Non-return valve
a.止回閥的功能是什么
Function of non-return valve
在注射，保壓時(shí)防止熔體倒流，從而給予熔體我們所需的壓力和速度。
To prevent the melt flowing back when injection and packing
b.怎么判斷止回閥或料筒損壞
How to recognize the non-return valve is broken:
初步判斷：經(jīng)常性的出現(xiàn)料墊不穩(wěn)，或無料墊。
Recognize presumedly: Melt cushion is not stable usually or no cushion.
準(zhǔn)確判斷：延長保壓時(shí)間，如果出現(xiàn)零料墊則說明止回閥損壞或料筒損壞。
Recognize precisely: Prolong the holding time, if there is no melt cushion, the non-return valve is broken or the cylinder is broken.
c.怎么區(qū)別止回閥損壞還是料筒損壞
How to recognize the non-return valve is broken or the cylinder is broken
方法一：換上新的止回閥，延長保壓時(shí)間依然沒有料墊，則說明料筒損壞。
Method 1: Change into a new non-return valve; prolong the holding time, if there is still no melt cushion, it means the cylinder is broken.
方法二：放大料墊，延長保壓時(shí)間依然沒有料墊，則說明止回閥損壞；反之則說明料筒損壞。
Method 2: Make the melt cushion big enough; prolong the holding time. If there is still no melt cushion, it means the non-return valve is broken; if there is melt cushion, it means the cylinder is broken.
素材來源：百度文庫
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